N’chifukwa chiyani mabotolo agalasi ochokera kwa anzanga onse ndi abwino kwambiri?

Nkhani zokhudza chilengedwe zakhala zikuyamikiridwa kwambiri ndi mayiko otukuka padziko lonse lapansi, motero mfundo zambiri zokhudzana ndi chilengedwe zayambitsidwa m'zaka zaposachedwa. Zigawo zokhudzana ndi kupanga ndi kubwezeretsanso mabotolo agalasi zikuphatikizapo zinthu izi:

1. Kuwonjezeka kwachiwongola dzanja chobwezeretsanso: Mayiko a EU ndi US nthawi zambiri amayesetsa kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mabotolo agalasi obwezerezedwanso m'ndondomeko zawo zachilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, EU yapanga "Malangizo a Chida Chotayira", zomwe zimafuna kuti mayiko omwe ali mamembala awonjezere kuchuluka kwa mabotolo agalasi obwezerezedwanso ntchito mpaka kupitirira 70%. California ku US ilinso ndi mfundo zofanana, monga kufuna kuti kuchuluka kwa mabotolo agalasi obwezerezedwanso ntchito kuwonjezereke kufika pa 75%.
2. Kulimbikitsa chuma chozungulira: Mayiko a EU ndi US akhazikitsanso cholinga cholimbikitsa chumachuma chozunguliram'magawo awomfundo zachilengedwe, kulimbikitsa opanga mabotolo agalasi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zobwezerezedwanso kuti achepetse kutayika kwa zinthu. Mwachitsanzo, EU ikufuna kuti mayiko omwe ali mamembala achitepo kanthu polimbikitsa kugwiritsanso ntchito ndi kubwezeretsanso zinyalala, kuphatikizapo kubwezeretsanso mabotolo agalasi kuti aberekenso.
3. Kuletsa kutulutsa zinyalala: Mayiko a EU ndi US amalimbikitsanso kuteteza chilengedwe popanga mabotolo agalasi mwa kuchepetsa kutulutsa zinyalala. Mwachitsanzo, EU yapanga "Malangizo okhudza mpweya woipa wa mafakitale", zomwe zimafuna makampani kuti achitepo kanthu kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa zinyalala zomwe zimatulutsidwa, kuphatikizapo opanga mabotolo agalasi."
4. Kulimbitsa kuyang'anira ndi kukakamiza malamulo: Mayiko a EU ndi US alimbitsanso kuyang'anira ndi kukakamiza kupanga ndi kubwezeretsanso mabotolo agalasi, kulanga ndikuwongolera makampani omwe amaphwanya mfundo zachilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo,Bungwe Loteteza Zachilengedwe ku US(EPA) imalanga makampani omwe amaipitsa chilengedwe ndikuyang'anira ndikuwunika momwe amakhudzira chilengedwe.

Kukhazikitsa mfundozi, kumbali imodzi, kumathandiza kuteteza chilengedwe, ndipo kumbali ina, kumawonjezera mtengo wa opanga, zomwe zingapangitse kuti ndalama zogulira mabotolo agalasi ziwonjezeke m'deralo. Ndiye kodi tingagwiritse ntchito bwanji njira zabwino zochepetsera mtengo wogulira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mabotolo agalasi? Inde, ndi zoona, kuitanitsa mabotolo agalasi kuchokera ku China, kuitanitsa mabotolo agalasi kuchokera kukampani yathu!

China ndi dziko lakale kwambiri lomwe lili ndi mbiri yakale, ndipo popanga mabotolo agalasi, ilinso ndi mbiri yake yapadera komanso chikhalidwe chake. Mu 1928, Shanghai Glass Factory inakhazikitsidwa, zomwe zinayambitsa makampani amakono a magalasi ku China. M'zaka zaposachedwapa,Boma la Chinayalimbitsa chidwi chake pa kuteteza chilengedwe, ndipo kubwezeretsanso mabotolo agalasi kwakhala ntchito yofunika kwambiri pa chilengedwe. Boma la China layambitsa mndandanda wamfundo zachilengedwekulimbikitsa makampani ndi nzika kuti achite nawo ntchito yobwezeretsanso mabotolo agalasi, kulimbikitsa kugwiritsanso ntchito kwawo, komanso kuchepetsa kuipitsa chilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, opanga mabotolo athu agalasi nthawi zonse amawongolera njira zopangira, kuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito opangira, komanso kuchepetsa kuipitsa. Pambuyo pa zaka zoposa khumi zoyeserera, tadziwa bwino tanthauzo la kupanga ndi kupanga mabotolo agalasi. Tadziwika ndi ambiri.makasitomala apadziko lonse lapansindi mitengo yotsika,nthawi yochepa yotumizira, ndi khalidwe labwino.

Amalonda ena a zakumwa ndi zakumwa ochokera kumayiko ena nthawi zonse amakhala ndi chidwi chofuna kudziwa chifukwa chake enamabotolo agalasiZili bwino kwambiri, chifukwa chake mtengo wa mabotolo agalasi ochokera kwa anzawo ndi wotsika kwambiri, komanso chifukwa chake mabotolo opangidwa ndi omwe akupikisana nawo ndi apamwamba komanso anzeru. Sikuti amaika ndalama zambiri pakupanga ndi kupanga nkhungu, koma chifukwa amasankha ogulitsa mabotolo agalasi apamwamba kwambiri. Amatisankha ife, kusiya njira zogulira zakomweko ndikutipatsa kapangidwe, kupanga, ndi njira zapadera zamabotolo agalasi. Izi sizimangochepetsa ndalama ndikupanga zinthu zatsopano, komanso zimafupikitsa nthawi yotumizira. Iyi ndi ndemanga yokhazikika kuchokera kwa ogulitsa otchuka padziko lonse lapansi.

Pali nkhani yotereyi mu bungwe la American Olive Oil Association. AwiriMa CEOtinkacheza, ndipo m'modzi wa iwo anakumana ndi vuto la mutu: bwanji athumabotolo a mafuta a azitona agalasikupitirizabe kupanga zodzaza, ngati kuti akuvina? CEO winayo adapereka zathuzambiri zamalumikizidwekwa iye. Pambuyo pa kusanthula kwathu, mabotolo agalasi omwe adagulidwa m'deralo anali opepuka kuposa athu ndi pafupifupi 20%, ndipo liwiro lopanga linali lachangu kwambiri, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti pansi pake pakhale zosafanana. Tinamulangiza zinthu zoyenera, ndipo ataona zinthuzo, nthawi yomweyo adayika oda yoyesera ya zotengera zisanu. Anati mtengo wogula mabotolo agalasi watsika ndi 10%, ndipo mavuto am'mbuyomu sanachitike.nthawi yoperekera, khalidwe, ndi mtengo wake zonse zinali zabwino kwambiri. Podzaza, mafuta a azitona amtengo wapatali sanali kutulukanso kapena kuwonongeka. Tsopano amatumiza mabotolo agalasi miliyoni imodzi chaka chilichonse, ndipo ndalama zoyeretsera zomwe amasunga chaka chilichonse si zochepa.

Kawirikawiri, pazinthu zapamwamba mongabotolo la mowa lapamwamba kwambiri, misika ya ku Ulaya ndi ku America nthawi zambiri imakonda kuitanitsa mabotolo agalasi ochokera kunja. Izi zili choncho chifukwazofunikira pa khalidweMabotolo agalasi ochokera kunja amatha kutsimikizira kuti zinthuzo zili bwino komanso kuti zinthuzo zili bwino. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, mabotolo agalasi ogulidwa m'deralo angakhale ovuta kukwaniritsa zosowa za anthu.zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri. Pa zakumwa zotsika mtengo, monga zinthu zopangidwa mochuluka, misika ya ku Ulaya ndi ku America nthawi zambiri imagula mabotolo agalasi m'deralo. Izi zili choncho chifukwa msika wa zinthuzi ndi waukulu, ndipo kugula kwa anthu am'deralo kungachepetse ndalama zoyendera ndi kulongedza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpikisano wa zinthu ukhale wokwera. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, mabotolo agalasi ochokera kunja angawonjezere ndalama zogulira ndikukhudza malonda. Pazinthu zina zofunika kwambiri, monga mawonekedwe apadera kapena mphamvu, mabotolo agalasi opangidwa mwapadera angafunike kutumizidwa kunja. Pankhaniyi, chiwerengero cha mabotolo agalasi ochokera kunja m'misika ya ku Ulaya ndi ku America chidzakhala chokwera.

Tili ndi zaka 17 zokumana nazo popanga mabotolo agalasi, ndi zitsanzo zaulere zoposa 2,000 zosiyanasiyana pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana komanso zofunikira.Zikomo chifukwa cha funso lanu.